职称英语阅读系列文章
-- 以词群为单位学习英语单词, 阅读英语句子
孤立地记忆英语单词所造成的结果往往是单词不易记住,即使记住了很快又会忘记;面对英语单词诸多的词义和用法不知道应该重点记住哪些,如果把单词的全部词义和用法都记住又绝非易事, 而且也没有必要,因为英语单词众多的词义中通常只有少部分词义在英语文章中常见,常用,而只要记住了单词这部分常用的词义和用法就能较好地理解英语短文了。
借助阅读学习和复习英语单词是学好英语单词的有效方法 -- 通过在阅读英语短文中与英语单词的多次“偶遇”,从而渐渐地对英语单词由不熟悉变为熟悉,更重要地是在此基础上还能培养出英语语感 -- 熟悉英语单词在英语文章中的常用词义和用法, 并因此能把对英语句子的阅读习惯从原来以单词为单位加以理解变为现在以词群为单位加以理解,从而大大地提高对英语句子的阅读理解速度, 例如:以词群为单位理解如下句子:
"Unless I get a rise (v. 得到提薪(= get a raise)), I"ll have a talk with (v.与...谈话)the boss, Henry Manley," George Strong said to himself(v. 自言自语). (选自2003年职称英语综合类(C级)阅读判断题)
所谓词群就是一些习惯在一起出现的单词,这些单词在意义上彼此联系,形成固定搭配或非固定搭配的短语结构。 上面这个句子含有三个较常见的词群,如果考生把英语句子以词群为单位进行拆分就能很快理解该句话说表达的意义:乔治.斯壮自言自语地说“除非我得到了提薪, 否则我会和老板亨利. 曼利谈谈(我工资的事情)”。
在考试大的职称英语频道里,我们会为参加职称英语考生的学员陆续整理和编写一些考生在学习单词的过程中有必要阅读的一些难度适中的英语短文, 以帮助考生更好地巩固已学的英语单词并逐渐培养出以词群为单位的英语阅读习惯。
推荐阅读英语短文1
以词群为单位进行阅读(词群以加粗的蓝色字体标注出):
A Pay Rise or Not? (是否得到提薪?)
(= Will I get(v. 得到) a pay rise (n. 提薪)or(conj. 还是) not (get a pay rise)?)
"Unless(conj. 除非) I get a rise (= get a raise/得到提薪), I"ll have a talk with (与...谈话)the boss(n. 老板), Henry Manley," George Strong said to himself(自言自语). George liked(v. 喜欢) his(pron. 他的) job(n. 工作) and he liked the town(n. 城镇) he lived in(v. 住在...), but(conj. 但是) his wife(n. 妻子) kept telling[W1] (v. 不断地告诉...)him(pron. 他) that(conj. 引导宾语从句, 无具体词义) his pay was not enough to (adj. 足以...的)meet the needs of (v. 满足...的需要)the family(n. 家庭). That(pron. 那/指代前句话的整个内容) was why(pron.为什么/引导表语从句) he was thinking of (v. 考虑)taking(v. 得到) a job in Birmingham(n. 伯明翰/城市名), a nearby(adj. 附近的) city(n. 城市) about(adv. 大约) 50 miles away(n. ...英里以外). He had been offered(v. 提供) a job in a factory(n. 工厂) there(adv. 在(到)那里), and the pay was far better[W2](更好的).
George lived in Wyeford(n. 地名), a medium-sized(adj. 中等规模的) town. He really(adv. 实在地) liked the place(n. 地方) and didn"t like the idea of (v. 不喜欢...的想法/不愿意)moving(v.搬家) somewhere else(adv. 到(在)别的地方), but if(conj. 如果) he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to (v. 必须, 不得不)move his family (搬家)there.
Henry manley was the manager(n. 经理) of a small(adj. 小的) company(n.公司) manufacturing(v. 制造) electric motors(n. 电动机). The company was in deep(adj. 很深的) trouble (adv. 陷入困境)because(conj. 因为), among other reasons[W3](adv. 其中一个原因(是)), the Japanese (n. 日本人)were selling(v. 销售) such(adj. 这样的) things(n. 东西) at very low prices(adv. 以非常低的价格). As a result(adv. 因此), Manley had to cut(v. 减少) his own(adj. 自己的) prices(n. 价格) and profits(n. 利润) as well(adv. 也). Otherwise(adv. 否则) he would not get(v. 得到) any orders(n. 订单) at all(adv. 根本就不(能)...). Even then(adv. 尽管那样), orders were still(adv. 仍然) not coming in (v. 到手)fast(adv. 很快地) enough(adv. 足够地), so that (conj. 以至于)there was (有/“存在句型”)no money for[W4] (n. 用于...的钱)raises(n. 涨工资)for his workers(n. 工人). Somehow(adv. 以某种方式), he had to struggle along (挣扎)and keep(v. 保留) his best(adj. 最好的) workers as well. He sighed(v. 叹气). Just then (adv. 就在那时)the phone(n. 电话) rang(v. 发出声响).
His(pron. 他的) secretary(n. 秘书) told him that George Strong wanted to (v. 想要...)see(v. 见, 会见) him as soon as possible(adv. 尽可能快地). Manley sighed again(adv. 再次). He could guess(v. 猜测) what(pron.什么 ) it(pron. 它/指代前面句中提到的“见面”这件事情) was about(prep. 关于). George Strong was a very(adv. 非常) young(adj. 年轻的) engineer(n. 工程师). The company had no future (v. 没有前途)unless it(pron. 它/指代句子前面部分提到的公司) could attract(v.吸引) and keep men like(prep. 象, 如同) him. Manley rubbed(v. 搓, 摩擦) his forehead(n. 前额); his problems(n. 问题) seemed (v. 似乎)endless(adj. 没完没了的).
为了更好地理解这篇英语短文, 考生还需要了解职称英语考试中所涉及到的基本语法结构, 例如从句, 被动语态, 时态,非谓语动词结构等。我们也会为我们的学员在外语频道陆续推出从语法的角度分析英语句子的英语短文供大家阅读和学习职称英语的核心语法。
among others( adv. 除了别的以外,其中)
money for…是较松散的搭配, 介词for常用来表示用目的。
keep doing…(不断地…)
far better是一个较为松散的搭配结构,far(更加地)常出现在形容词/副词的比较级前, 修饰形容词/副词的比较级。